Research work

Interpreting Scanner-Runnable MRI Sequences for Simulation

gammaSTAR sequence programs are parsed into simulator-ready spans, preserving timing, RF events, gradients, and ADC placement.

1-to-1 mapping from executable sequence to simulation

Scanner-runnable sequence block

RF, ADC, gradients and timing are interpreted from the same program used for execution.

gammaSTAR → simulator
Bloch / RF-active span EPG / gradient-moment span 0 1 2 4 6 8 ms RF (µT) ADC Gx Gy Gz slice select rephase phase encode prephase readout ADC

Why this matters

Sequence descriptions in papers and textbooks are often simplified or idealized. Real scans run on complex, scanner-executable sequence programs that include timing nuances, RF shapes, gradient details, and ADC placement that strongly influence the outcome.

By interpreting the actual scanner-runnable program, the simulator gets a more faithful input for understanding, debugging, and method development.

The gap

  • × Simplified diagrams omit timing details
  • × RF and gradient shapes are approximated
  • × ADC placement may be ambiguous
  • × Hard to reproduce scanner issues

Our approach

  • Parse executable gammaSTAR program
  • Detect RF events and ADC windows
  • Collect overlapping gradients
  • Preserve timing and event structure
  • Provide spans for simulation backends

Interpretation pipeline

1

Parse sequence block

Read gammaSTAR sequence blocks and extract events and timing.

2

Detect RF intervals

Identify RF pulses and return start and end times for each RF-active span.

3

Collect gradients & ADC

Gather overlapping Gx, Gy, Gz and ADC events for the interval.

4

Split into spans

Separate RF-active Bloch spans from EPG or gradient-moment spans.

5

Feed simulator

Export spans to the simulation backend with exact timing and event parameters.

Two simulation definitions

Hybrid Bloch + 3D EPG

Slice-profile-aware RF, efficient non-RF propagation

  • Bloch simulation for RF-active spans, including finite slice profile and off-resonance.
  • 3D EPG-style propagation for gradient-moment spans.
  • Captures RF effects while keeping long sequence evolution tractable.
  • Useful for contrast studies and sequence behavior analysis.

Gradient-moment definition

Fast trajectory view for validation and debugging

  • Represents non-RF spans by their gradient moments.
  • Fast path for trajectory and k-space checks.
  • Helps validate geometry, timing, and ADC placement.
  • Well suited for conventional reconstruction pipelines.

What it enables

Sequence debugging

Localize unexpected behavior seen on the scanner.

k-space validation

Verify trajectories, coverage, and sampling density.

Contrast investigation

Study parameter effects on contrast and signal evolution.

Artifact reproduction

Recreate distortions to understand their origin.

Simulation-guided optimization

Evaluate design choices before scanner execution.

Documentation

Generate reproducible records of what was actually run.